| Rural Advocate News | Tuesday February 3, 2026 |

Cattle Inventory Hits a 75-Year Low The cattle inventory was 86.2 million head on January 1, 2026, which continued a long-standing downward trend. Despite a year of strong prices, the USDA Cattle Inventory Report showed the overall U.S. cattle herd shrank by another 0.35 percent, and it’s now at the smallest level in 75 years. The beef cow herd total was 27.6 million head, down by one percent. The 2025 calf crop was 32.9 million head, the smallest total since 1941. Beef replacement heifers rose one percent to 4.71 million head. All cattle on feed totaled 13.8 million head, a three percent reduction from 2025. The number of milk cows in the U.S. increased to 9.57 million. Dr. Derrell Peel, a livestock market analyst for Oklahoma State University, said the market is likely still trying to find a bottom. “We’re probably stabilizing, but it’s a very slow process,” Peel said. “We’re likely not going to rebuild very fast.” *********************************************************************************** EPA is Expected to Reapprove Dicamba The Environmental Protection Agency is expected to reapprove Dicamba for over-the-top use on tolerant soybeans and cotton for the 2026 season. The Washington Post said the decision is aimed at addressing weed control challenges and will likely include stricter regulations like buffering agents and a possible ban on applying Dicamba when the temperatures are high. The Post saw a draft statement from the EPA, in which the agency called the pending decision the most “protective” Dicamba registration in agency history. Producers were prohibited from using the herbicide last year because of a 2024 court decision vacating previous registrations. It would be the third time that the EPA approved the pesticide. On both previous occasions, federal courts blocked the approvals, citing the underestimation of the risks of chemical drift that could harm other farms. *********************************************************************************** AMPI Transitioning to Cottage Cheese in Wisconsin Plant Associated Milk Producers Inc. announced it will transition production at its Blair, Wisconsin, cheese plant from cheddar cheese to cottage cheese. The transition will include a period of downtime, with completion expected in the fourth quarter of this year, with regular operations to resume after that. AMPI is working with impacted employees to provide access to resources, training, and opportunities to apply for jobs at other AMPI facilities. Milk from AMPI member farms will be routed to surrounding plants during the downtime. Customer orders will continue to be filled by other AMPI plants. The cottage cheese produced at AMPI’s Blair facility will be manufactured at one of the largest cottage cheese facilities in the U.S. *********************************************************************************** Coalition Sends Letter to Energy Council Co-Chairs A broad coalition of trade groups representing ethanol producers, petroleum refiners, farmers, and retailers sent a letter to the co-chairs of the new E15 Rural Domestic Energy Council calling for swift action on year-round E15 access. “The window for arriving at a recommended legislative solution is short, with the council expected to submit legislative solutions to the full House by February 15,” the letter said. “We applaud this expedited time frame as fuel producers and retailers are making decisions now about product offerings over the next year, farmers are making planting decisions, and a legislative fix is needed as soon as possible to provide fuel producers and retailers with a predictable policy framework as we approach the summer driving season.” To “achieve a solution in short order,” the groups urged the lawmakers to build upon HR 1346, the Nationwide Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act, which was amended and offered by Representative Adrian Smith of Nebraska. *********************************************************************************** Americans to Eat 1.48 Billion Chicken Wings for Super Bowl LX New England plays Seattle in the upcoming Super Bowl this Sunday. New England is known for its clam chowder, while Seattle is famous for salmon tossing in fish markets. However, when it comes to the Super Bowl, nothing is hotter than chicken wings. The National Chicken Council released its annual Chicken Wing Report, which projects Americans will eat 1.48 billion chicken wings while watching the Patriots and Seahawks battle for the Lombardi Trophy. This figure represents an increase of about ten million more wings than last year’s game. “Football is for food, especially when it comes to the Super Bowl, where wings rule the roost,” said NCC Spokesman Tom Super. “For football fans looking to add protein to their spreads at an affordable price, wings are kings of the Super Bowl menu.” Laid end to end, the 1.48 billion chicken wings would stretch about 27 times from Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts, to Lumen Field in Seattle, Washington. ********************************************************************************** USDA Trade Mission Underway in Indonesia The USDA’s Undersecretary for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs, Luke Lindberg, arrived in Indonesia over the weekend to begin an agribusiness trade mission. The goal is to expand access to the country’s markets for U.S. goods and boost agricultural exports. The delegation includes 41 agribusinesses, trade organizations, and representatives from four state departments of agriculture. “While Indonesia was our 11th-largest market in 2024, the opportunities here in the world’s fourth most populous nation can’t be overstated,” Lindberg said. Indonesia is an upper-middle-income country with a real GDP of $4.1 trillion, an annual growth rate of five percent, and a large, rapidly-expanding middle class. The mission is also happening at a critical time, thanks to the landmark U.S.-Indonesia Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, which eliminates tariffs on nearly all U.S. agricultural exports and reduces long-standing non-tariff barriers.

| Rural Advocate News | Tuesday February 3, 2026 |

Tuesday Watch List Markets There are no major USDA or macroeconomic reports scheduled for Tuesday. Ag markets will continue to be in tune to weather happenings around the globe, as well as taking clues from outside markets with Monday's risk-off energy trade a source of pressure to row crop futures to begin the week. Meanwhile, the House of Representatives is set to vote on the Senate approved funding bill to end the partial government shutdown. Weather A storm system will move across the South on Tuesday. Scattered rain showers are likely for the Lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys, while some light snow will develop across the Ohio Valley. Some other spotty showers will move through the Plains as well, but many areas will stay dry Tuesday.

| Rural Advocate News | Monday February 2, 2026 |

House Ag Chair Wants Farm Bill 2.0 in February GT Thompson, the chair of the House Agriculture Committee, has tentatively set a farm bill markup for the week of February 23. Politico said that’s according to three sources familiar with Thompson’s plans. While the formal text of his farm bill has yet to be introduced, it will likely have the same priorities as the version that advanced out of committee in 2024 but never became law. “Committee staff is still waiting for the cost estimates from the Congressional Budget Office, which could delay the markup in February,” Politico said. Two people who were granted anonymity to discuss private details said that House Ag Republicans want to get a floor vote on the farm bill before the Easter recess. The ‘Farm Bill 2.0,’ as Thompson refers to it, will address multiple industry priorities like rural development, research plans, and could be a vehicle for year-round E15. *********************************************************************************** RFA: 2025 Ethanol Exports Set a Record According to data from the Census Bureau, 2025 U.S. ethanol exports through November totaled 1.96 billion gallons, already surpassing the 1.94 billion in 2024, which had smashed the previous record. With one month of data to go, exports were on pace to exceed two billion gallons for the first time, which would represent 13 percent of U.S. ethanol production, also a record. “Continued expansion in the export market provided a tremendous lift for the U.S. ethanol industry in 2025,” said RFA President and CEO Geoff Cooper. “Record exports not only highlight the growing global demand for affordable energy solutions, but also underscore the vital role trade plays in strengthening the American energy sector, driving innovation, and supporting economic growth.” He also said one out of every eight gallons of ethanol produced in the U.S. is being exported, providing savings at the pump and cleaner air for drivers in dozens of countries across the globe. *********************************************************************************** CoBank: Farmers Aggressively Sold Soybeans in 2025 U.S. farmers were aggressive sellers of soybeans last fall as prices climbed after trade tensions eased between the U.S. and China. With higher prices and a swifter pace of sales, commercial ownership of soybeans rose sharply while use of delayed pricing programs and basis contracts fell. A new report from CoBank said off-farm grain storage hit record levels last fall, with farmers shifting more soybeans and wheat to commercial storage to free up on-farm space for the record corn harvest. Grain company ownership of soybeans in commercial storage jumped to 73.6 percent as of November 30, up from 66.3 percent the previous year as farmers sold soybeans at a faster pace. “Any material increase in corn and wheat prices will likely be met with heavier selling pressure compared to soybeans, which already experienced a higher level of farmer selling last fall,” said Tanner Ehmke of CoBank. *********************************************************************************** Wheat Growers Elect a New President The National Association of Wheat Growers elected Jamie Kress as its new President during the 2026 Annual Conference in Washington, D.C. Jamie and her husband, Cory, own and operate an 8,500-acre dryland farm in eastern Idaho. They grow winter and spring wheat, plus a variety of rotational crops. Kress most recently served as president of the Idaho Grain Producers Association, the first woman to hold the role. “It’s an honor to serve as the president of the Wheat Growers at such a pivotal time for agriculture,” Kress said. “I am inspired by the resilience and innovation of wheat growers across the country, and I am committed to leading with collaboration and purpose.” One of her biggest goals for the Wheat Growers is to elevate the voice of every grower in Washington, advance policies that empower producers, and secure a strong, sustainable future for the nation’s farmers and rural communities. *********************************************************************************** USGBC Hails Agreement with El Salvador The U.S. Trade Representative’s Office released a statement saying the United States has signed another agreement on reciprocal trade, this time with El Salvador. Jamieson Greer, the U.S. Trade Representative, signed the agreement with El Salvador’s Minister of Economy, Maria Luisa. The agreement commits El Salvador to addressing and preventing barriers to U.S. agricultural products in the market, such as fumigation requirements, facility registration, product registration, and acceptance of currently agreed certificates issued by U.S. regulatory authorities. “U.S. DDGS’ exports are up in the first quarter of the 2025-2026 marketing year, and with this agreement, we hope we will continue to see a rise in trade with those products and others the Council represents,” said USGBC President and CEO Ryan LeGrand. “The U.S. Grains and Bioproducts Council is pleased to see the first agreement on reciprocal trade in the Western Hemisphere.” ********************************************************************************** Young Farmers Concerned About Land Survey The National Young Farmers Coalition expresses deep concern over the continued delay of the 2024 Tenure, Ownership, and Transition of Agricultural Land Survey, originally scheduled for release on October 31, 2025. The survey aims to provide important insights into the trends and patterns of ownership of agricultural land across the U.S. “Without the TOTAL Survey, we’re flying blind on one of the most urgent issues in agriculture, which is land access,” said Vanessa Garcia Polanco, the government relations director with the National Young Farmers Coalition. “This delay prevents policymakers, advocates, and farmers from understanding the scale of farmland loss, speculation, and consolidation, and from acting to keep farmers on the land.” Young Farmers calls on the administration to release the critical information they’re looking for, and they had planned to hold a congressional briefing upon the Survey’s release to discuss how the data should inform proactive federal policy.

| Rural Advocate News | Monday February 2, 2026 |

Monday Watch List Markets On Monday, USDA will release their weekly Export Inspections report at 10 a.m. CST. Later in the afternoon following the close, USDA will release four reports all at 2 p.m. CST: Flour Milling, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings and Co-Products Production, and Fats and Oils (Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption, and Stocks). Weather A relatively quiet and cold situation is covering the eastern half of the country on Monday, though some snow is moving through Michigan into Ohio. This may interfere with Punxsutawney Phil's season weather prediction forecast Monday morning. Warmer air in the West is trying to spread eastward and will melt some of the lingering snow across the South-Central states.

| Rural Advocate News | Friday January 30, 2026 |

Corn, Soybean Prices Slide as Global Supplies Weigh on Markets U.S. corn and soybean futures slipped again this week as traders weighed ample global supplies against sluggish export demand, according to market analysts and federal data. The U.S. Department of Agriculture said recent export inspections for corn and soybeans fell below last year’s pace, adding pressure to prices already near multi-year lows. Analysts at commodity research firm StoneX said large South American harvests and rising global stocks are limiting near-term upside despite seasonal demand. Currency strength in Brazil has encouraged aggressive farmer selling, further swelling global supplies. At the same time, U.S. farmers continue to face elevated input costs, squeezing margins as planting decisions approach. Market analysts said weather risks later in the growing season could still inject volatility, but near-term sentiment remains bearish. USDA will release updated supply and demand estimates next month, which traders say could provide clearer direction for spring markets. *********************************************************************************** Midwest Livestock Producers Monitor Avian Flu Spread Livestock and poultry producers across the Midwest are stepping up biosecurity measures as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) continues to circulate among wild birds and commercial flocks. The USDA confirmed additional detections in poultry operations this week, while state agriculture departments urged producers to limit farm traffic and monitor animals closely. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the risk to the public remains low, though outbreaks continue to disrupt egg and poultry supplies. Reuters reported that egg prices remain volatile as producers depopulate affected flocks and rebuild inventories. Industry groups say supply recovery could take months, particularly for smaller producers with limited resources. Farm organizations warned that continued outbreaks could strain rural economies and add costs throughout the food chain. Federal and state officials said they are coordinating surveillance, indemnity payments and response efforts to limit further spread during peak migration season. *********************************************************************************** Farm Groups Urge Action on Year-Round E15 Access Corn growers and ethanol producers renewed calls this week for nationwide, year-round access to E15 gasoline, saying regulatory delays continue to hurt farm income. The Renewable Fuels Association said higher ethanol blends could boost corn demand and reduce fuel costs for consumers. Iowa Corn Growers Association officials cited USDA data showing large corn carryouts that continue to pressure prices. Oil industry groups remain divided, arguing that infrastructure and regulatory concerns must be addressed before broader adoption. Meanwhile, several Midwest governors are urging federal agencies to grant permanent waivers ahead of the summer driving season. Ethanol supporters say expanded E15 sales could provide immediate economic relief for rural communities while supporting lower-carbon fuel goals. Without action, farm groups warn that declining margins and limited market access will continue to strain corn-dependent regions. *********************************************************************************** Global Dairy Markets Face Uneven Demand Global dairy markets are sending mixed signals as milk production remains steady while international demand shows signs of weakening. USDA data show U.S. milk output holding near last year’s levels, though regional variations persist. Meanwhile, slower import demand from Asia has weighed on global prices, particularly for skim milk powder. Dairy economists said feed costs have eased slightly, offering some relief to producers, but margins remain tight. Industry analysts noted that cheese demand has remained relatively strong domestically, helping offset weaker export markets. Farm groups said volatility underscores the importance of risk management tools as producers navigate uncertain price signals. USDA is expected to release updated dairy outlook figures later this month, which could influence producer decisions heading into spring. *********************************************************************************** Specialty Crop Growers Seek Labor Stability Ahead of Spring Specialty crop growers are voicing renewed concerns about labor availability as spring planting and harvest seasons approach. According to the American Farm Bureau Federation, labor shortages remain one of the top challenges for fruit and vegetable producers, particularly in labor-intensive crops. USDA surveys show farm labor costs continuing to rise, squeezing already thin margins. Reuters reported that immigration policy uncertainty and rising wage requirements have added complexity for employers relying on guest worker programs. Growers say delays in visa processing could disrupt planting schedules and reduce yields. Farm organizations are urging Congress to advance agricultural labor reforms, warning that prolonged instability could shift production overseas. Despite the challenges, producers said consumer demand for fresh produce remains strong, keeping pressure on growers to find workable labor solutions. *********************************************************************************** Ag Equipment Makers Cautious as Farm Income Pressures Persist Agricultural equipment manufacturers are taking a cautious outlook as lower crop prices and tight farm margins dampen new machinery demand. John Deere executives said recent earnings reflect softer equipment sales, particularly for large tractors and combines, citing reduced farmer purchasing power. USDA forecasts show net farm income declining from recent highs, largely due to weaker commodity prices. Dealers across the Midwest are carrying higher inventories as farmers delay upgrades. Analysts said elevated interest rates have also discouraged capital spending. Manufacturers are increasingly focusing on precision agriculture and aftermarket services as alternative revenue streams. Industry observers say equipment demand could rebound if commodity prices recover, but near-term uncertainty is prompting conservative outlooks across the sector.

| Rural Advocate News | Friday January 30, 2026 |

Friday Watch List Markets The Bureau of Labor Statistics will release December producer price index data on Friday at 7:30 a.m. CST. As for ag focused reports, the day session will be quiet but following the close USDA will release the highly anticipated Cattle Inventory report at 2 p.m. CST, which will offer insights into the U.S. beef cattle herd. Finally, CFTC will round out the week with their Commitments of Traders report at 2:30 p.m., updating trader positions as of Tuesday, January 27. Weather A small clipper system is moving into the Southeast on Friday morning but doesn't have much precipitation with it. However, it will bomb out off the Carolina Coast Friday night and especially Saturday, leading to some heavy snow around the Carolinas and strong winds for the East Coast. That system will pull some very cold air southward through the country through the weekend, leading to the coldest air of the year for Florida.

| Rural Advocate News | Thursday January 29, 2026 |

Groups Applaud President’s Call for Year-Round E15 The Renewable Fuels Association applauded President Trump for strongly reaffirming his support for America’s ethanol industry. During a stop in Des Moines, Iowa, he called on Congress to send a bill approving year-round E15 to his desk “very quickly.” Trump said he would sign the bill into law without delay. RFA President and CEO Geoff Cooper said Trump understands the quickest and surest way to boost the farm economy is “to open a vast new market opportunity for grain-based ethanol.” The Iowa Corn Growers Association also applauded the president, saying they appreciate him for shining a light on E15. “He recognizes the weight this legislation holds to us as corn growers,” said ICGA President Steve Kuiper (KY-per). “A recent study by Iowa Corn and the Iowa Renewable Fuels Association shared the positive effects year-round E15 would have on corn growers.” U.S. corn growers have pushed for year-round access for over ten years. *********************************************************************************** NFU Urges Buy-Up Coverage Restoration National Farmers Union submitted comments to the USDA to restore crop insurance buy-up coverage for acres prevented from being planted. NFU warned that recent changes weaken a critical risk management tool for farmers facing mounting economic pressure. Farmers Union President Rob Larew said farmers and ranchers are facing some of the most challenging economic conditions in decades. “The decision to eliminate the option to purchase additional coverage for prevented planting only deepens that strain,” Larew said. “When high input costs, volatile markets, and extreme weather converge, farmers need every risk management tool available to protect their operations, and we strongly urge USDA to restore prevented planting buy-up coverage.” Doing so would mean farmers can continue to manage risk and remain economically viable. When weather conditions prevent timely planting, buy-up coverage provides critical protection for producers of covered commodities in all 50 states, helping them manage financial losses and maintain stability. *********************************************************************************** USMCA Review Roundtable Series Farmers for Free Trade announced a national series of USMCA roundtables that will bring together farmers, trade experts, and elected officials to discuss the critical importance of strengthening and renewing the U.S.-Mexico-Canada trade agreement. The first of three roundtables will be in San Antonio, Texas, on February 24, La Crosse and Eau Claire, Wisconsin, and Southeastern Iowa in the Quad Cities region. Additional roundtable locations will be announced throughout the spring and summer. “USMCA is the foundation of American agricultural trade, supporting farmers in every corner of the country,” said Brian Kuehl (KEEL), executive director of Farmers for Free Trade. “Mexico and Canada are our top two agricultural export markets, accounting for over $58 billion in annual exports.” He also said it’s essential that farmers have an opportunity to share directly with their elected representatives how critical this agreement is to their operations and communities. *********************************************************************************** RFA Report Shows Drop in Ethanol Production Data from the Energy Information Administration, analyzed by the Renewable Fuels Association for the week ending on January 23, showed that ethanol production dropped 0.4 percent to 1.1 million barrels a day. That’s equivalent to 46.8 million gallons a day. Still, output was 9.8 percent higher than the same week last year and 10.2 percent above the three-year average for the week. The four-week average ethanol production rate dropped 0.1 percent to 1.13 million barrels a day. Ethanol stocks shrank 1.3 percent to 25.4 million barrels. Stocks were 1.3 percent less than the same week last year but 2.4 percent above the three-year average. The volume of gasoline supplied to the U.S. market, a measure of implied demand, rebounded 11.8 percent to 8.76 million barrels a day in advance of the winter storm. Demand was 5.5 percent more than a year ago, and 5.3 percent above the three-year average. *********************************************************************************** Food Safety During Super Bowl Celebrations Super Bowl parties often feature takeout, delivery, and foods that are served over several hours. To help prevent foodborne illness, the USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service is reminding fans to keep food safety in play on game day. “When food is served throughout the Super Bowl, it can be easy to lose track of how long it’s been sitting out,” said USDA Undersecretary for Food Safety Dr. Mindy Brashears. Many Super Bowl favorites shouldn’t be left out for more than two hours, which is what the USDA calls the Danger Zone. FSIS offers a number of safety tips on handling takeout and delivery safely. They encourage serving food in smaller batches. Bring one batch out in the first half and another in the second half to ensure that food doesn’t stay out for more than two hours. Use a food thermometer to ensure that food reaches a safe minimum internal temperature when cooking at home. ********************************************************************************** January Rural Mainstreet Index Above Growth Neutral The Rural Mainstreet Index climbed above a growth-neutral score of 50.0 for January. That’s according to the latest monthly survey of bank CEO’s in rural areas of a ten-state region. The January index was at 52.0, its highest reading since July 2023, and up from December’s 50.1. “More than one in three bankers, or 34.7 percent, indicated that their local economy was currently in a recession,” said Dr. Ernie Goss (GAHS) of Creighton University. “Another 27 percent of them expect their local economy to experience recession conditions in the first half of 2026.” Regarding President Trump’s imposition of tariffs, almost 40 percent of the bankers support pulling back on tariffs. After rising above growth-neutral in December, the farm and ranchland index fell below the threshold in January with a reading of 46.0. The farm equipment sales index sank to a very weak 18.8, but was up from December’s even weaker 15.0.

| Rural Advocate News | Thursday January 29, 2026 |

Thursday Watch List Markets Thursday will kick off with the weekly export sales report from USDA at 7:30 a.m. CST. Also at 7:30, the Census Bureau will release the delayed trade balance report for November 2025. In the afternoon, USDA will release their weekly slaughter recap at 2 p.m. CST. Weather A small clipper is bringing down some colder air again from Canada into the northern tier of the U.S. for Thursday. That is clashing with some warmer air moving down from the Rockies to produce a little clipper system and snow in the northern High Plains. Some lake-effect snow is occurring as well, otherwise it is another quiet day.

| Rural Advocate News | Wednesday January 28, 2026 |

China Turning to Brazil for Soybeans China is ramping up its orders from Brazil to fill its soybean needs after it met the initial shipment volume from the U.S. as part of a trade truce with Washington. Over the past week, Bloomberg said Chinese importers have booked at least 25 cargoes of beans for loading mainly in March and April. “At the same time, state-owned companies in China have appeared to refrain from taking American cargoes,” Bloomberg said. “U.S. soybeans delivered to China on a cost-and-freight basis are at a steep premium over comparable beans from Brazil for February, so crushing them will likely incur heavy losses for processors.” Over the long term, the U.S. said China has committed to buying at least 25 million tons of U.S. soybeans annually through 2028, which means the nation may actually come back for more American cargoes later in 2026. *********************************************************************************** Clean Fuels Wants 45Z Rules Finalized Clean Fuels Alliance America sent a letter to President Donald Trump highlighting the biodiesel, renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation fuel industry’s contribution to U.S. energy security and rural prosperity. The President is embarking on visits across the country to highlight economic conditions. The letter emphasizes that the industry’s growth is at risk as farmers and fuel producers await regulatory rules, specifically the Renewable Fuel Standards for 2026 and 2027, and rules for the Section 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit that were due under the prior administration. “Our industry has made substantial investments to meet America’s demand for energy security and rural economic prosperity,” CFA wrote. “Our progress is threatened by delays in policy decisions that should have been made in the previous administration, and we’re hopeful you will quickly finalize these policies and secure your promise as the most pro-biofuel president in history.” *********************************************************************************** Cooperatives Launch Major Low-Carbon Fertilizer Pilot Project CF Industries Holdings, a manufacturer of hydrogen and nitrogen products, and POET, the world’s largest producer of biofuels, have launched a pilot project to develop a low-carbon fertilizer supply chain. The project, which includes other major agricultural cooperatives, is designed to demonstrate how the use of low-carbon nitrogen fertilizer can substantially reduce the carbon intensity of corn and enable the production of low-carbon ethanol for use in motor fuels and exports. Participants will track the carbon intensity certification of the low-carbon fertilizer produced by CF Industries and sold from its distribution network through retail distribution channels and finally to corn growers across Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, and Nebraska for ethanol production. POET expects to use the corn grown with low-carbon ammonia to produce an estimated five-to-six-million gallons of ethanol with lower carbon intensity. “Collaborating on this pilot program was an immediate yes,” said Paul Barr of WinField Crop Nutrients. *********************************************************************************** FFA Members Travel to Spain for Observation Over 70 FFA student members serving as state officers in their respective states started the new year by exploring the history, culture, and agricultural practices of Spain through the National FFA’s International Leadership Seminar for State Officers. The Seminar is an annual program designed to develop awareness of global agriculture and enhance the cultural competency of student members. The traveling state officers help lead more than one million members in over 9,200 local FFA chapters in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. “During the trip, students had the opportunity to both demonstrate their knowledge and learn about diverse agriculture practices across the globe,” said Joe Martin, program specialist with the National FFA Organization. “These experiences overseas help state officers share the unique agriculture practices of Spain with members of their home state associations.” State officers on the trip came from Alaska, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, and multiple other states. *********************************************************************************** Texas Cattle Raisers Responded to Cell-Cultured Lawsuit The Texas & Southwest Cattle Raisers Association President Carl Ray Polk, Jr., commented after a federal judge denied the State of Texas’s motion to dismiss a lawsuit challenging the state’s ban on cell-cultured protein. “We remain committed to preserving the reputation and integrity of Texas beef, a product our membership has spent generations perfecting,” said Polk, Jr. “Our association will not stand idly by while animal cells grown in a lab are fed to Texas consumers with no long-term health studies proving their safety.” He also said the same industries, individuals, and organizations that promote and finance this unsafe product are the first to oppose or mount legal challenges against laws that require them to disclose to consumers that their product is cell-cultured. He added that any industry that refuses transparency with consumers should not be considered innovative, but rather dishonest. ********************************************************************************** Administration Raising Tariffs on South Korea by 25 Percent President Donald Trump said he is raising tariffs on South Korean imports by 25 percent. The BBC said Trump announced the move after accusing Seoul of not living up to the trade deal it reached with the U.S. in 2024. In a social media post, Trump said he’ll increase levies on South Korea from 15 percent across a range of products, including cars, lumber, and “all other reciprocal tariffs.” Trump said South Korean lawmakers have dragged their feet in approving the deal, while the U.S. government acted swiftly to reduce U.S. tariffs in line with the transaction agreed to between the countries. South Korea said it hadn’t received an official notice of the U.S. decision to raise duty fees on some of its goods, and asked Washington for urgent talks to rectify the issue. South Korea exported about $123 billion worth of goods to the U.S. last year, making it the second-largest export market after China.

| Rural Advocate News | Wednesday January 28, 2026 |

Wednesday Watch List Markets Reports for Wednesday will include the weekly Petroleum Status report from the Energy Information Administration at 9:30 a.m. CST, which will include last week's average ethanol production. In the afternoon at 1 p.m. CST, the Federal Reserve will announce their interest rate decision at the conclusion of their January meeting, which will be followed by a press conference with Fed Chair Jerome Powell. Weather Another quiet and cold day on tap for Wednesday. Some lake-effect snow continues up around the Great Lakes, but much of the country will have nothing going on, allowing for more cleanup from the massive weekend storm. However, a clipper system will be moving out of the Pacific Northwest and into the Canadian Prairies and Northern Plains Wednesday night with some streaks of snow.

| Rural Advocate News | Tuesday January 27, 2026 |

Vaden Accuses Companies of Fertilizer Collusion Deputy Agriculture Secretary Stephen (Steven) Vaden said two companies have been working together to control the price of fertilizer in the U.S. by limiting supplies. Agri-Pulse said Vaden’s collusion accusation against Mosaic and Nutrien could suggest the administration may take future steps to inject more competition into the markets, if it becomes necessary. During a webinar hosted by the National Agricultural Law Center, Vaden said, “This administration is going to do everything it can to ensure that farmers have the fertilizer they’ll need and at a price they can pay. We’re not going to permit these companies to do anything that might undermine that.” He also said Nutrien and Mosaic were responsible for over 90 percent of phosphate fertilizer and potash production in North America during 2024. Farm Action, an ag industry accountability group, said only seven companies control 70 percent of crop input sales, including Nutrien Ag Solutions, the retail business of Nutrien. *********************************************************************************** CoBank: Dairy Poised to Help Meet Protein Demand Consumer demand for food and beverages with high protein levels continues to surge as a growing percentage of Americans focus on increasing their dietary protein. The sharp rise in demand is shifting buying habits and could transform the retail grocery space. A new report from CoBank said the strong consumer demand for protein bodes well for the U.S. dairy industry, given the high protein levels and nutritional qualities in traditional dairy products like milk, cheese, yogurt, and cottage cheese. “Dairy products have a unique advantage because they contain all nine essential amino acids required in a human diet, making it a complete protein source,” said Cory Geiger, lead economist for CoBank. “We expect more food and beverage manufacturers will take a cue from formulators that have already incorporated dairy-based ingredients into protein-centric product areas outside the retail dairy case.” More studies show that almost all consumers now associate protein with expanded health benefits. *********************************************************************************** Legislation Would De-List Mexican Wolf from ESA Protection The House Natural Resources Committee advanced the Enforcing Safety for Animals Act of 2025 with bipartisan support. The bill would remove federal Endangered Species Act protections for the Mexican wolf, restore common-sense wildlife management authority and provide much-needed relief to cattle producers and rural communities across the Southwest. The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association and Public Lands Council strongly support the bill, which would reduce regulatory barriers that have prevented effective management to safeguard livestock and rural communities from this abundant apex predator. “The Mexican wolf population has grown well beyond recovery goals, yet producers are left without the tools needed to protect their livestock, their families, and their livelihoods,” said NCBA Policy Division Chair Skye Krebs. “When predators can’t be responsibly managed, it puts people at risk and undermines the stewardship efforts of those who live and work on the land every day.” *********************************************************************************** House Democrats Introduce “Farm and Family Relief Act” House Ag Committee Ranking Member Angie Craig (D-MN) introduced the “Farm and Family Relief Act,” calling it a bill introduced to provide meaningful relief to family farmers. The bill would also help those getting crushed by inflation and higher costs caused by President Donald Trump’s tariffs and Republican cuts to the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. “Family farmers have been hit hard by tariffs and lost market opportunities,” Craig said when introducing the bill this month. “The Farm and Family Relief Act helps get America back on track by supporting farmers, foresters, and families together and putting an end to the president’s ill-conceived tariffs.” A new report from Joint Economic Committee Democrats said President Trump’s inflation cost the average family $1,625 in the past year. Fruit and vegetable prices are up 5.3 percent, while hardworking Americans paid $310 more for groceries in 2025 than the year before. *********************************************************************************** EU and India to Announce a Long-Awaited Trade Deal on Tuesday The European Union and India have long been negotiating a trade deal, and those talks are expected to conclude with a new trade deal to be announced on Tuesday. Reuters said India’s trade secretary made the announcement about a deal both sides hailed as “historic” while they both contend with strained U.S. ties. The deal will allow for the free trade of goods between the Union, made up of 27 nations, and India, which together make up a quarter of the world’s gross domestic product and a combined market of two billion consumers. The agreement comes days after the EU signed a pact with the South American bloc Mercosur (Mer-KOH-sur) and deals with Indonesia, Mexico, and Switzerland. During the same time, New Delhi (DELL-lee) signed agreements with Britain, New Zealand, and Oman (oh-MAHN). After almost 20 years of talks, the deal opens India’s market, the world’s largest, to free trade with the EU, its largest trading partner. ********************************************************************************** Clean Fuels Conference: “Unity Drives Growth” The foundation is strong for expanding biodiesel, renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation fuel in the U.S. However, to build on the growth of recent years, producers and stakeholders have to remain united. That’s according to Clean Fuels Alliance America CEO Donnell Rehagen, who shared that message with attendees at the Clean Fuels Conference in Orlando, Florida. Clean fuel producers persevered through a year that saw slower production amidst unsettled regulations, including questions about the 45Z tax credits and the possibility of Renewable Fuel Standard exemptions for small refineries. “Positive results from last year showed what happens when we set aside some differences and work together,” Rehagen said. “When biodiesel and renewable diesel producers joined forces with oil and gas refiners who’ve invested in our space, and farmers, when we aligned on RVO goals, we saw something powerful emerge.”

| Rural Advocate News | Tuesday January 27, 2026 |

Tuesday Watch List Markets There are no major USDA or macroeconomic reports scheduled to be released on Tuesday. Traders will likely continue to follow weather clues around the globe, as well as watch for reportable export sales from USDA at 8 a.m. CST. Weather Overall, Tuesday will be a quiet and cold day as arctic air lingers over much of the country following the weekend's major winter storm. A small clipper will bring some snow through the Great Lakes, however.

| Rural Advocate News | Monday January 26, 2026 |

Rural Energy Council is a “Disgrace” Growth Energy, the nation’s largest biofuel trade association, was very unhappy after it was announced that a legislative fix for year-round E15 was dropped from the January government funding bill. It was further incensed that Congress would instead form a “rural energy council” to formulate another compromise bill with petroleum interests, and with expectations for a vote in February. “What an incredible travesty as Congress picked refiners over American farmers and drivers today,” said Growth Energy CEO Emily Skor. “E15 delivers cost savings for consumers and generates long-term demand for American agriculture, facts that have been well-known for over a decade.” She also said the debate involves the simple act of allowing consumers the choice to buy a better value fuel year-round. This failure will lead to farmers missing out on a critical market during the worst farm crisis in four decades. “It’s imperative we get this over the finish line in an expedited manner,” Skor added. *********************************************************************************** USDA Launches Portal on Foreign-Owned Ag Land Transactions The USDA launched a new online portal to streamline reporting of transactions involving U.S. agricultural land by foreign persons, which can include businesses and governments. The new online portal is part of a broader effort to strengthen enforcement and protect American farmland as USDA continues its implementation of the National Farm Security Action Plan. “We’re increasing transparency and scrutiny of one of our most valuable national assets in American farmland,” said Ag Secretary Brooke Rollins. ‘This online portal will allow us to obtain verifiable information about foreign interests in American agricultural land and protect the security of our farmers.” The new online portal is available at usda.gov. Users can access the portal with Login.gov, a sign-in service that provides secure online access to participate in certain government programs and their reporting requirements. The new digital portal will gather the same information found on the current form FSA-153. *********************************************************************************** National Ag Day Activities Announced The Agriculture Council of America is proud to announce the celebration of National Ag Day on March 24, 2026. The annual event recognizes and celebrates the abundance provided by agriculture, acknowledging the essential role it plays in our daily lives. This year’s theme is “Agriculture: Together we grow: Celebrating 250 Years of Progress in Agriculture.” This year’s theme emphasizes the collaborative efforts of farmers, ranchers, and all stakeholders in the agricultural sector who work tirelessly to provide safe, abundant, and affordable products, and also recognizes 250 years of progress. A series of events is scheduled in Washington, D.C., and virtually, to mark the day, including an Ag Day Virtual Event. At 9:00 am, a livestream of events from the USDA will be available. Ag Day at the USDA will run from 8:30 am to Noon at the USDA’s Whitten Patio, where attendees will hear from multiple speakers. *********************************************************************************** NCBA Accepting Applications for Summer Internships The National Cattlemen’s Beef Association has opened applications for summer 2026 semester internships in the association’s Colorado headquarters and Washington, D.C. office. Internships are available for public policy, and meetings and events. “Since 1898, NCBA has been the trusted leader and definitive voice of the U.S. cattle and beef industry,” said NCBA President-Elect Gene Copenhaver. “NCBA interns directly support the critical work of this association and make sure that our farming and ranching legacy continues into the future, and I strongly encourage young people to get a jump start on their careers.” Public policy interns support NCBA’s Government Affairs Team and will learn more about lobbying, government relations, and advocacy on behalf of the beef industry. The Management and Events interns will learn how to manage large-scale conventions and trade shows, in addition to the logistics behind smaller meetings and conferences. *********************************************************************************** Ethanol Production Drops from a Record High The Energy Information Administration said ethanol output dropped during the seven days ending on January 15. Production of the biofuel fell to an average of 1.119 million barrels a day, down from 1.196 million barrels the previous week, which was the highest level since recordkeeping began in 2010. The EIA report said the Midwest, by far the biggest-producing region, output averaged 1.066 million barrels a day, down from 1.139 million during the prior week. Gulf Coast production plunged to 21,000 barrels a day from 27,000 the previous week. EIA said the East Coast output was down by 1,000 barrels a day to 10,000. West Coast production was unchanged at 9,000 barrels a day. Rocky Mountain production was the lone gainer, rising to 11,000 barrels a day. Ethanol inventories through the week of January 16 rose to 25.739 million barrels. That’s up from the prior week, and the highest level since April 11. ********************************************************************************** December Egg Production Rose Modestly The USDA said egg output in December rose narrowly year-over-year. A report said last month’s production totaled 9.125 million eggs, up slightly from 9.116 million during the same month in 2024. About 7.818 million of those were table eggs, and the rest were hatching eggs. The number of egg layers averaged about 371.6 million, down from 373 million during the previous year. Production per layer in December was 2,456 eggs, up slightly year over year. About 52.7 million egg-type chicks were hatching last month, up three percent from the prior year, while eggs in incubators on January 1 rose one percent to 53.1 million. Placements of egg-type pullets were up one percent to 218,000. Hatchings of broiler types were reported at 890 million, up one percent from the same month during the prior year. Eggs in incubators at the beginning of January rose two percent to 757 million.

| Rural Advocate News | Monday January 26, 2026 |

Monday Watch List Markets Outside of the normal weekly grain export inspections report at 10 a.m. CST, there are no major reports scheduled for Monday. Traders will continue to follow weather trends, both in the U.S. as well as South America with the next round of world crops beginning to take focus. Weather A major winter storm system is leaving off the East Coast early Monday, but arctic cold air is left behind it for those east of the Rockies. Some light snow will be possible with a small clipper moving through the Great Lakes Monday and Tuesday.

| Rural Advocate News | Friday January 23, 2026 |

No Year-Round E15 in Congressional Spending Bill After weeks of negotiations, it appears that the House funding bill expected to advance today will exclude language that would have allowed nationwide, year-round access to E15. In place of the year-round E15 provision, Congress appears poised to create a new “Rural Domestic Energy Council” that would develop potential legislative proposals on E15 and other renewable fuels issues that could be considered for future adoption. “We are extremely disappointed that Congress appears to have again failed in adopting a simple technical fix that would have made lower-cost American-made E15 available to consumers nationwide all year long,” said Geoff Cooper, president and CEO of the Renewable Fuels Association. “Allowing year-round E15 would have provided a lifeline to farmers who are facing the worst economic crisis in almost 50 years, while also helping American families struggling with higher energy bills.” He also pointed out that there was already a compromise deal broadly supported by ethanol and oil refiners in place. *********************************************************************************** USDA Announces New World Screwworm Grand Challenge Ag Secretary Brooke Rollins announced the launch of the New World Screwworm Grand Challenge. This funding opportunity marks a pivotal step in USDA’s comprehensive strategy to combat NWS and prevent its northward spread. As part of the Grand Challenge, USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service will make up to $100 million available to support innovative projects that enhance NWS sterile fly production, strengthen response strategies, and safeguard U.S. agriculture, animal health, and trade. APHIS invites proposals that support objectives that develop novel NWS traps and lures, develop and increase understanding of NWS therapeutics and treatments for animals, and develop other tools to bolster preparedness or response to NWS. Eligible applicants are invited to submit proposals that align with and support these priorities by the deadline on February 23, 2026. The notice of the opportunity is available on the NWS Grand Challenge webpage. *********************************************************************************** Activists Using Misleading Support Letters for Prop 12 The Center for the Environment and Welfare released an analysis of a letter, widely promoted by animal rights operatives on Capitol Hill, signed by “farmers” who support California’s Proposition 12 and oppose a federal fix to the onerous law. Lawmakers are currently considering several pieces of legislation to override the measure. In response, radical animal rights groups continue to highlight a letter allegedly signed by 5,000 “farmers and producers” who support Prop 12. However, CEW’s new analysis suggests the letter is not what it might seem at first. Many of the backers are not pork or egg producers, with some not involved in agriculture at all. The list appears to include over 100 vineyards, 150 honey producers, 25 mushroom growers, eight hemp or marijuana farms, and even a goat yoga operator. “Mushroom farmers, beekeepers, and goat yoga providers are not credible experts on pork policy,” said Jack Hubbard, executive director of CEW. *********************************************************************************** Iowa Corn Growers Applaud Carbon Capture Legislation Mike Klimesh, the Majority Leader of the Iowa Senate, introduced Senate File 2067, which drew applause from the Iowa Corn Growers Association. The bill proposes widening the corridor to find new paths for the carbon capture and sequestration pipeline, relying on eminent domain only after all reasonable alternatives have been exhausted. The Iowa Corn Growers Association applauded the bill for its increased flexibility as Iowa fights to pursue low-carbon ethanol markets. “Iowa’s corn farmers are continuing to see corn prices dropping and input costs rising,” said Iowa Corn Growers President Steve Kuiper (KY-per). “Without access to low-carbon fuels through the carbon pipeline, farmers will lose the ability to participate in new markets, like sustainable aviation fuel or marine fuel, and be forced to watch other states like Nebraska adopt CCS technology.” He also said this bill is a big step in the right direction. *********************************************************************************** U.S. Soy Exports Continued Growing in Marketing Year 2024-2025 The United States exported 68.7 million metric tons of U.S. soy, which included whole soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil, during the marketing year 2024-2025. That represents a 12.8 percent increase year-over-year and a 2.95 percent gain over the five-year average. That’s according to data from the USDA’s Global Agriculture Trade System. “With ample production and supply capacity, the U.S. remains well positioned to meet both domestic and global demand for whole soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil,” said Jim Sutter, CEO of the U.S. Soybean Export Council. The top five growth markets for the U.S. Soy complex included Turkey, up 342 percent, Vietnam, up 89 percent, Venezuela, up 68 percent, Colombia, up 48 percent, and Bangladesh, up 40 percent. Sutter said that gains in several markets reflect a mix of improved market access and rising demand for animal protein. ********************************************************************************** USDA Announces Grant Funding for Dairy Support The USDA is awarding more than $11 million in grant funding to support dairy businesses and producers through the Dairy Business Innovation Grant Program. The initiatives support small and mid-sized dairy businesses in the development, production, marketing, and distribution of dairy products. “This funding through the Dairy Business Innovation Initiatives makes important investments in the domestic dairy industry, furthering USDA’s efforts to ensure Americans have access to affordable, wholesome U.S. dairy products,” said Dudley Hoskins, USDA Undersecretary for Marketing and Regulatory Programs. This year’s funds will go to four current DBI Initiatives at California State University—Fresno, the University of Tennessee, the Vermont Agency of Agriculture, Food & Markets, and the University of Wisconsin. The initiatives will use the funding to provide valuable technical assistance and sub-award funds to dairy farmers and businesses across their regions, supporting them with business plan development, marketing, and branding. For more information, go to the AMS Dairy Business Innovation webpage.